Abstract

Thyroid adenoma is a non cancerous (benign) tumor and develops in the thyroid gland. Causes of thyroid adenoma are genetic factors, iodine deficiency, radiation exposure, hormonal imbalance, age, gender, diet, kifestyle and endocrine disorders. Symptoms of thyroid adenoma include neck enlargement, thyroid nodule, fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, constipation, anxiety, tremors, more sweating, voice changes and difficult breathing. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, physical examination, laboratory tests, fine needle aspiration, imaging studies, thyroid antibody tests, ultrasound, hist o pathological examination and fine needle aspiration biopsy. Differential diagnosis of thyroid adenoma can mimic various disorders such as thyroid carcinoma, thyroid cysts, colloid cyst, Hashimotos thyroiditis, Graves disease, sub acxute thyroiditis, follicular adenoma, meta static thyroid cancer, lymadenipathy and ectopic thyroid tissue. Treatment is linked to the radio active iodine therapy, fine needle aspiration and surgery. It is finally conc luded that thyroid adenoima is a common benign tumor of the gland. While it rarely does not create symptoms, proper diagnosis and management are crucial to ensure the best possible outcome.

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