Abstract

The subject outer space acquired Importance in International Law when the first Sputnik was launched in the orbit by USSR on Oct. 4th 1957. Since then, number of manned and unmanned satellites and probes into outer space and celestial. bodies have been launched by some other states as well. These acts of different states in the outer space led to the United Nations to make rules and regulations in this part of the universe. This law was named as space law as it deals and regulates the relation amongst the states, their relation with International organization in the sphere of outer space, celestial and Moon (Dr H.O.Agarwal). The growth of use and exploration of outer space resulted in the increase of orbital space debris which is both a consequence of and a potential hindrance to space activities. The risk posed by space debris initiated the need to address the challenges posed to the sustainability in outer space. The Protection, preservation of the access to and usability of outer space in a long term requires that measures to be taken to mitigate action to ensure and remedial measures for existing and future space activities. As this include technical measures which depends on adequate legal mechanism to be regulated. Various treaties has been initiated by the United Nations, the deficiencies in law for space debris remediation mechanisms originate from the fact that although technical concepts have been developed the legal framework for outer Space activities does not impose any obligations for debris removal and on-orbit servicing (C. Rada popova). The treaties are there for use and exploration of outer space as legal mechanism. Absolute liability cannot be fixed because of State Sovereignty and so state liability do not arise, but in outer space there is no sovereignty jurisdiction and so state parties can be made absolutely liable and internationally responsible. Further guidelines need to be framed ensuring global Standard of care and sustainability. Transparency shall be the global phenomena in the use of outer space. It is the need of the hour to initiate legal measures and fix state responsibility both at global and national level to attain Environmental Sustainability.

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